Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

Which age-related change affecting thermoregulation is least accurate?

1. Increased shivering

2. Inefficient vasoconstriction

3. Decreased cardiac output

4. Decreased peripheral circulation

The correct answer is: Increased shivering

As individuals age, their ability to regulate body temperature diminishes due to various physiological changes that occur over time. Among these changes, increased shivering is generally not a common or accurate representation of the thermoregulatory response in older adults. In fact, as people age, the shivering response becomes less efficient. This is because the older population often experiences a decrease in the responsiveness of the muscles and a decline in muscle mass, which can reduce the capability to generate heat through shivering. In contrast, the other options reflect more accurate age-related changes affecting thermoregulation. Inefficient vasoconstriction occurs because the blood vessels may not constrict as effectively, leading to difficulties in retaining heat in colder environments. Decreased cardiac output can impact the body's ability to circulate blood, which is essential for heat distribution throughout the body. Decreased peripheral circulation also contributes to thermoregulation challenges, as older adults may experience reduced blood flow to the extremities, making it harder to maintain warmth. This deterioration in thermoregulatory function can increase the risk of temperature-related health issues in older adults.