Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

Which of the following is the primary characteristic of acute pain?

1. Chronic and unrelenting.

2. Predictable physiological response.

3. Associated with long-term conditions.

4. Constantly fluctuating intensity.

The correct answer is: Predictable physiological response.

The primary characteristic of acute pain is that it elicits a predictable physiological response. Acute pain typically serves as a protective mechanism and indicates the presence of injury, illness, or harm. It is usually sudden in onset and has a clear association with a specific event or injury, which leads to physiological reactions such as increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and changes in respiratory patterns. This predictable response is part of the body’s alarm system, alerting the individual to potential harm. In contrast, chronic pain is often described as being unrelenting and can be associated with long-term conditions, which is not characteristic of acute pain. While acute pain can fluctuate in intensity, it generally follows a more consistent pattern as it resolves; therefore, describing it as constantly fluctuating would not accurately capture the typical experience of acute pain.